Researchers report that CBD inhaled reduces the size and lethality of the brain tumor glioblastoma, which is extremely aggressive and deadly, in an animal model. This is due to the reduction of its essential support system.
We saw a significant decrease of the tumor’s size, and the microenvironment was also different. Dr. Babak Baban, immunologist, associate dean for Research at the Dental College of GeorgiaAugusta University states that the treatment was completed in seven days.
Researchers at DCG and The Medical College of GeorgiaThe inhaler method not only ensured that the compound found in cannabis reached brains, but also allowed for easy use by patients, much like asthma inhalers.
They report that this was the first study to use CBD in an experimental animal model of glioblastoma. Research on Cannabis and Cannabinoid.
They created an orthotopic model of glioblastoma using modified human glioblastoma cells. This was to give the most realistic representation possible for this deadly and common malignant brain tumor. After eight days, the tumor had grown in the brain of the mice. At day 9, they began giving daily doses to the mice of CBD or placebo. This continued for seven more days. They then looked at an image of their tumor and at the tumor tissue.
Although the approach could be easily applied to humans, they are focusing on the biological response of the cancer to CBD. Dr. Martin RutkowskiMCG neurosurgeonThis specialist has extensive experience in treating patients who present after a seizure/sudden loss of consciousness or with slower onset neurological deficits such as a weak arm or vision, or those who are more likely to present after a seizure.
It is probably the most aggressive form of cancer. According to the neurosurgeon, coauthor of the study, we need more research and treatments. He claims that what we have now is not working well.
Rutkowski states that family members often bring patients in to tell Rutkowski that they aren’t thinking right, that they don’t remember as well, or that they were fired because they aren’t doing the same thing they did for 30 years.
Today’s treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Rutkowski states that surgery is not a cure, but it can help improve quality of life and prognosis. He also noted that there is a clear correlation between the extent of the tumor that can be surgically removed and the length of survival.
They found that CBD was able to alter the tumors ecosystem or supportive tumor microenvironment. It also restored levels of inflammation that target the glioblastoma rather than protecting it. This could make CBD an effective, safe and novel adjunct therapy.
Baban, the corresponding writer, says that it is about immune balance. An immune response to a tumor’s frontline attack is one that causes inflammation to increase. In fact, our immune system is constantly attacking cancerous and precancerous cells. However, once a tumor has established itself, it switches to producing chronic inflammation that eventually protects it from the immune systems.
The tumor microenvironment, which is created by cancer cells, includes immune cells as well blood vessels and growth factors to allow more blood vessel growth. This is crucial for tumor growth and survival. It allows it to thrive and spread where it begins.
A glioblastoma is characterized by an increase in activity of natural immune checkspoints. These checkpoints help prevent overzealous immune responses that could cause harm to the body. In this instance, damping down is about protecting the tumor. A very small number of cytotoxic T cell cells is also present, which are especially adept at invading tumors or other invaders.
CBD was shown to increase the immune mix against the cancer.
It also suppressed P–selectin, a protein that is often involved in important functions, such as injury repair. One thing it recruits to help are platelets. P-selectin is a key component of cancer treatment. It helps tumors spread and resist treatment. As with many other inhabitants of the microenvironment there is evidence that P–selectin may also act as an immune checkpoint.
Apelin is a pervasive enzyme that is produced by many different cell types and is normally found in low levels in the cerebral cortex. The researchers found that glioblastoma has an increased expression of this enzyme. This enzyme supports blood vessel growth and promotes the development of cancer stem cells. It is also key to the tumor’s resistance against treatment. Evidence also suggests that apelin acts as an immune checkpoint in tumor microenvironment. Others have also shown that CBD inhibits the growth of deadly brain tumors.
CBD also suppresses IL-8. This is a hormone that macrophages normally release to promote injury repair and inflammation. Glioblastoma secretes IL-8 to promote cell migration and angiogenesis. It has been found that this level is high in many types of cancers, including glioblastoma. These tumors grow quickly and are capable of growing blood vessels which, in turn, support their growth. Drugs that target this skill have been proven to be beneficial.
CBD also reduces other important immune checkpoints like the enzyme indoleamine 2/3 dioxygenase or IDO. This is another localized blockade that can affect the immune response that cancerous tumors are known for using.
CBD also increased the expression of good things. This complex is thought to help the immune system recognize and fight cancer. It is also associated with a better prognosis. CBD is known to suppress immune checkpoints and drive levels up.
Baban says that it is a puzzle, and that is why we need immune regulators. CBD is a smart regulator. It can adapt to its environment and adjust, such as turning apelin down for glioblastoma, or up for COVID-damaged lung tissue. DCG and MCG investigators found that CBD actually raises levels of apelin. They also found that it reduces inflammation, which in turn reduces the cytokine storm that has decimated the lungs of patients.
Baban says that the tumors are shrinking right now because of the cannabinoids’ impact on glioblastoma. Rutkowski and Baban both note that inhaled CBD had positive results even when used alone. They believe that CBD could be used as an adjunct to existing therapies if it is eventually approved for use in these patients.
Next steps include determining how long the positive effects last and further investigating the impact on cancer stem cell growth. They also want CBD to be evaluated for its impact on the high recurrence rate of glioblastoma. Baban states that they have more evidence of hope. In an earlier study, they incubated tumor cells with CBD before implantation. Baban says no tumors resulted.
Rutkowski explains that the most recent significant advancement in glioblastoma treatment was more than 15 year ago. It was the addition of the chemotherapy drug Temozolamide to radiation. This extended survival time by approximately one and one-half months, and was praised by both patients and caregivers.
Baban and his colleagues decided to explore the possibility of CBD being able to control inflammation. They also have experience with other conditions that can cause inflammation such as Alzheimers. Other researchers are also looking at CBD with THC. However, CBD is an interactive compound that interacts with other active compounds in cannabis like THC. The DCG and MCG researchers believe it would be more effective when used alone.
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