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ROME — The drought-stricken island nation of Madagascar is a ‘wake up call” to what the world can expect in coming years due to climate change, the head of the United Nations’ food aid agency said Tuesday.
David Beasley, executive director of the World Food Program, told The Associated Press in an interview that what’s happening in the south of the Indian Ocean country is “the beginning of what we can expect” to see as the effects of global warming become more pronounced.
“Madagascar was heartbreaking,” Beasley said, referring to his recent visit there. “It’s just desperate,” with people reduced to selling their household pots and pans to try to buy food, he said.
According to Beasley 38 million people worldwide were affected by climate change last year, making them vulnerable to hunger. A worst–case scenario could an see that number soar to 216 million people displaced due to climate change by 2050.
That’s the year many industrialized nations — but not China, Russia or India — have set as their target for achieving carbon neutrality, meaning reducing greenhouse gas emissions to the point where they can be absorbed and effectively add zero to the atmosphere.
Beasley, a former governor of South Carolina, assumed the World Food Program helm for 2017 and stated that the top reason people were on the verge of starvation was manmade conflict followed by climate change.
Since then, however, climate change has been the dominant driver of people being displaced and unable to predict where their next meal will come. Last year, about 38 million, he said, were displaced “strictly because of climate shocks, climate change,” Beasley said.
“I would like to think this is the worst-case scenario — 216 million people by 2050 that will be migrating or displaced because of climate change,” he said.
WFP updated figures Tuesday showed that Madagascar is only one step away from famine. Nearly 30,000 people are at risk by the end of this year. Meanwhile, 1.1 million people are already facing severe hunger. The island is currently facing extreme heat, drought, and sandstorms.
Crops are dying and there is a shortage of harvests. According to the U.N. food agency, people have started to eat cactus leaves which are usually cattle fodder.
“Madagascar is not an isolated incident,” Beasley said. ”The world needs to look to Madagascar to see what is coming your way and (to) many other countries around the world.”
He also pointed out that Madagascar, which has 27 million inhabitants, is responsible for just a tiny fraction of global greenhouse gas emissions.
“What did they do to contribute to climate change?” he asked rhetorically.
The World Food Program provides food and supplemental nutrition products for pregnant and breastfeeding women and children to approximately 700,000 people.
Ethiopia’s famine, however, is caused by conflict.
The World Food Program estimates that 5.2 million people are in need of of emergency food assistance in Tigray, Ethiopia’s embattled northern region. United Nations officials have warned in recent weeks that more than 400,000 people could face starvation and death if humanitarian aid isn’t delivered quickly, but hardly any aid can get to those who desperately need to eat.
The Tigray forces say they are pressuring Ethiopia’s government to lift a months-long blockade on their region of around 6 million people, where basic services have been cut off and humanitarian food and medical aid denied.
Beasley says the WFP has been “messaging to all sides, including the Ethiopian government, the leadership, that this is a crisis“’ needing immediate access for food aid. But “we’re not making headway,” he said.
“We’re not able to get (food aid) trucks in or get fuel in. We’re not even able to get the cash to the people we need to pay,” Beasley told the AP.
As a result, Tigray’s people “have to be dying at unprecedented numbers, but we can’t get the access we need,” he said. “It’s a disgrace.”
He said that the WFP should be operating in 30 trucks a day, loaded with food, and 70 trucks laden with medicine and other humanitarian aid. “We’re not even getting 10% of that in trucks a day,” the agency director said.
For many of Tigray’s people, Beasley said, it has come down to “either die or migrate.”
Paradoxically, Afghanistan’s new Taliban rulers have allowed WFP access to food distribution centers and schools where many teachers are going unpaid, and protected WFP warehouses, while international donors haven’t been supplying sufficient funding, Beasley said.
“You run into the issue of donors (who) do not want to be seen in any way as aiding or abetting or supporting the Taliban,” Beasley said.
In Afghanistan, 22.8 million people — half of the population — face acute food insecurity, or are “marching toward starvation,” as Beasley put it.
Conflict and drought combined to create that impoverished nation’s food crisis.
The dire situation will grow even more critical starting in January, when the WFP’s food stocks for Afghanistan will run low, if more donors don’t come through.
“That price tag is $230 million a month feeding them” at only partial rations, Beasley said, adding: that “there are 8.7 million people in Afghanistan knocking of famine’s door,.”
Last year, the Nobel Peace Prize was presented to the U.N. Agency.
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